Computer science: logical processors vs cores

Self-tutoring about computer specifications: the tutor mentions the distinction between logical processors and cores.

The following is according to my understanding.

I was looking at the Task Manager, specifically the Performance option, which says this computer has 10 cores but 12 logical processors. What does that mean, exactly?

As I understand, a core is an independent processor. Its smallest unit of function is the thread, which is a sequence of related instructions.

Some cores are capable of multithreading: they can process two or more threads at once. The computer system, in such a case, sees not just the core, but the number of threads it can run. Therefore, if the core can run two threads, the system reports, for that core, two logical processors.

In the case of this computer, since it has 10 cores but 12 logical processors, it seems only two of the 10 cores can run two threads at once, while the others run only one each.

Source:

YouTube: Ask Leo!: Cores vs. Logical Processors: What’s Really Powering your CPU?

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